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Cross-references enable you to indicate the semantic links between related concepts/entries within IATE, such as synonyms, antonyms, etc. The entry the cross-reference refers to should be of decent quality, and its anchor language part should be updated. A reciprocal cross-reference will also be added automatically on the ‘linked’ entry.
On this page, you will find the following sections:
- Displayed language of terms in cross-references
- Create/modify a cross-reference (*)
- Remove a cross-reference (*)
- Delete/undelete an entry with cross-references (*)
- Advanced management of cross-references (*)
Read more on user groups and access rights.
DISPLAYED LANGUAGE OF TERMS IN CROSS-REFERENCES
In full entry view, cross-references display the type of relation between the two entries, and the entry ID and whichever term is displayed first on the cross-referenced entry.
The language displayed for the cross-referenced terms follows this logic:
- interface language: the system first checks if the term is available in the interface language. If it is, that term is displayed.
- anchor language: if the term is not available in the interface language, the system then checks for its availability in the anchor language. If found, this term is displayed.
- fallback to other languages: if the term is not available in the anchor language, the system continues to check in the following order: English, French, German and other EU languages, in alphabetical order.
Read more about full entry view.
 Hover over the entry ID of a cross-referenced entry to display all the terms it contains in all available languages. All term types are shown except lookups. |
CREATE/MODIFY A CROSS-REFERENCE (*)
You can create or modify cross-references to another entry in two ways:
- through the Quick edit panel: click on LIL (or LIL and Cross-references) and then on ‘Edit’;
- at LIL: double-click just inside the border around the LIL, click on the ‘Edit’ button, or either double-click or right-click on the ‘Cross-references’ field.
 All actions done to the cross-reference field (insertion, modification, removal of a cross-reference, or deletion/undeletion of linked entries), whether done manually or in batch, are bidirectional or reciprocal, meaning that the cross-reference field of the linked entry is automatically updated as well. |
To add an additional cross-reference:
- Click on the ‘Add new Cross Reference’
button; - Indicate the entry ID and the relation type, which can be:
is broader than / is narrower than
is related to
is antonym of
is predecessor of / is successor of
has as capital city / is capital city of
has as currency / is currency of
has as demonym / is demonym of
has as part / is part of
has as seat / is seat of
is caused by/is cause of
is not to be confused with
- Click on the ‘Confirm’
button.
| You can insert multiple cross-references (to different entries), but only one at a time. Only one type of relation can exist between the same two entries. It is not possible to cross-reference an entry to itself. IATE will verify whether the referenced entry exists; if not, you will receive an alert. |
| You can only create a cross-reference from a protected entry if you have editing rights for that entry. However, you can always create a cross-reference to a protected entry. |
REMOVE A CROSS-REFERENCE (*)
You can remove an existing cross-reference from an entry in two ways:
- right-click on the cross-reference to open the contextual menu and click ‘Remove‘;
- via the Quick edit panel.
DELETE/UNDELETE AN ENTRY WITH CROSS-REFERENCES (*)
If you delete an entry that has cross-references on it, the referenced entries will also be updated to no longer contain any cross-references to the deleted entry.
| If you undelete an entry which contained a cross-reference to an entry that still exists, that cross-reference will be restored. If you undelete an entry which contained a cross-reference to another entry which no longer exists, that cross-reference will not be restored. |
ADVANCED MANAGEMENT OF CROSS-REFERENCES (*)
You can include cross-references when exporting entries for data management (one column for the type of cross-reference and another column for the referenced ID).
Additionally, you can also manage cross-references in batch via a specific import file, where new cross-references can be created and existing ones can be modified (but not deleted).
The advanced search offers two criteria that filter according to cross-references (or their absence):
- is empty/is not empty, and
- by type.
(*) USER GROUPS AND ACCESS RIGHTS
Check below how different IATE users can manage cross-references:
| User group | Create/modify/delete a cross-reference | Batch update/create cross-references |
|---|---|---|
| EXTERNAL LOGGED-IN USER | No | No |
| TRANSLATOR and above | Yes (*) | No |
| ADMINISTRATOR | Yes | Yes |